Paradox of choice.

So much choice in everything we do, isn’t that great?

Maybe not.

There is so much choice in most things that now we are running the risk of paralysis, procrastination, and often, we just walk away.

Barry Schwartz, a psychologist and terrific communicator puts the hypothesis that in western societies, less choice would make us happier, a view somewhat at odds with the conventional wisdom that greater choice is one of the great benefits of economic and social development.

Consider what is happening in supermarkets. Retailers are setting out to drive category growth, suppliers are fighting each other for a share of the existing, and the growth, usually by line extensions, and each wonder why all the activity leads to the same sized cake being cut up a bit differently but at great cost to all parties.

Perhaps the array of choice is causing the potential growth to turn around and walk out the door, confused and uncertain?

Fact and hyperbole.

It is often pretty easy recognise marketing hyperbole when we see it, particularly in a category where we have some knowledge. However, in a category where we have no knowledge, it probably is not as easy to pick the fact from the flummery, so even some of the more extravagant claims made may get through the mental fence.

Therefore, hyperbolic claims extolling the virtues of a new small car for example,  are more likely to be rejected by the men who may engage with the ad, because they largely believe they know a bit about cars, rather than  women, who believe they know little about cars, and are therefore less able to pick the BS from the facts. 

This becomes very relevant when marketing a product to a category of consumers who know a bit about the product, and are therefore going to be more critical of the message based on what they know, or believe they know about the category, so be careful of the hyperbole, it will almost always turn off potential buyers, rarely persuade them.

 

Challenge of the first.

    In this digital age, the first contact in most situations is digital, where the marginal cost is approaching zero.

    This simple fact has changed the sales cycle, as this contact can evolve into an offer to become closer, or it can become a barrier, but each party understands implicitly that the rules have changed.

    The question now is not one of how quickly can a sale be closed, or indeed, the process brought to an end, there is more dancing involved, largely because the dancing is cheap, non threatening, and easy. For a sales organisation, there are a few simple  questions:

  1. What sort of digital tools do we need to engage key prospect groups?
  2. How much time and effort should be spent on developing a sale before we reach the go/no go point?
  3. How much do we need to give away?
  4. “Give away” now more often than ever strays into the arena of proprietary IP, as  efforts to differentiate and add value in a commoditised world accelerates

Has the web has changed category behavior?

Running a qualitative consumer research group recently, one of the participants surprised me with a metaphor that made great sense.

She said that the web had taught her to “forage”, her  term, looking for stuff of interest, checking out the Sku’s available in a category  far more widely than previously, when she had a modest “basket”  of regulars, with a pecking order, and that did not change much from month to month.  This reminded her of the behavior of the farm dogs she had as a kid, always looking for something to eat, in different places, and always nuzzling something new when it became available, and then deciding if it had any interest.

The implications are pretty clear. Experimentation within categories, and into adjacent categories may have been encouraged by the transfer of the  “nuzzling” behavior we undertake every day as we cruise the web, looking for tit-bits of interest.

Sku numbers  in supermarkets have exploded over the last 20 years, and I always thought it was just the drive for shelf presence and often minor differentiation in an effort to attract consumers that had driven it, but perhaps there is something more primal in our reaction to variety. 

Know your competitor

The only way to win is to attack, you can prevent being beaten by defense, but as any football coach knows, defense will not win.

Same in business, you need to understand your strengths and weaknesses compared  to the opposition, and exploit the strengths, whilst covering for the weaknesses.

Having an intimate understanding of the key customers, those who will spread the word of your product or service is as good as having the opposition playbook

The only way to get a crystal clear picture of the oppositions position is to experiment, continually ask the questions of them by experimenting, testing, & understanding their response, be restless, and inquisitive, probe, analyse, question, form and test hypothesis. Sounds a bit like the scientific method, and continuous improvement.

 

Marketing punishment

For fifty years, good marketing meant efficient use of advertising funds, driving distribution, segmenting markets, usually on socio-economic status and usage patterns, development of brand awareness and purchase intention,  a flow of range extensions, and staying out of trouble.

The last 10 years have seen a sea change, and none of the above really counts any more, because everyone knows how to do it, marketing has become commoditised, and being just as able at “marketing” as everyone else leads to punishment in the market.

What is needed now are genuine insights, new connections, stuff that cannot be copied, customers who are advocates of your brand, and true creativity, not just another colour.

Lip service has been given for many years to the concept of “Customer Value Proposition”, but it was in the context of mass marketing, and mass markets where it evolved. The concept is still valid, it is just far more difficult to execute, as it needs to be applied many times to market segments, often approaching one customer only.

Failure to recognise the new individual focus of marketing, and reacting by enabling a conversation between yourself and your customers, will lead to punishment in the marketplace by way of increasing irrelevance.